CACCP Special 5-12-97 Chinese Genocide Against Mongols (Part Two)

The Scope and the Seriousness of the Genocide in Its Historical Context

by Tsengelt Gonchigsuren

In the first part of this article, I focused on the Brutality and Savage Nature of the Genocide and its general backgrounds. In the second part, I will discuss the Scope and the Seriousness of the Genocide in Its Historical Context.

During this horrible 10 years, the genocide had reached almost every Mongolian family, and Mongols from one year infant to 80 years old elders were all effected. These can be seen from the Chinese official statistic numbers. According to Chinese documents, before the genocide started, Inner Mongolia had 1,445,000 Mongols in 1965. According to a most completed contemporary history book "The History of Inner Mongolian Autonomy Region" (1991), which was compiled by the communist historians (edited by Prof. Hau Wei Ming) and approved by the Chinese authority, " .... everywhere was "unearth" "IMPRP" and its branches, 340,000 people were persecuted, 16,222 people were tortured to death. In addition other false case total 27,900 some people were tortured to death, 120,000 were crippled. (Page 313).

These are the highest numbers that the authorities allow to use in limited publication in China. The very origins of these numbers came from the official indictment brought against the "Gang of Four" at their trail in China; November 2, 1980" and "The decision of the supreme court of China" (January, 25, 1981) two papers. Nevertheless, these are also very intriguing and believed to be the reduced and disguised, intentionally distorted, fixed numbers. The true figures are much higher and many times more. We have to consider that about a half million Mongols live in outside IMAR, and they were persecuted too, but the relevant statistics are hardly shown anywhere.

The compiling facts are shocking and I have too many reasons to call it as genocide and let me use reason to try to reach the true figures: In another official document "Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (Central/Issue [1981] No.28)" (1981) says "790,000 people were incarcerated, 22,900 some people died and 120,000 were crippled" (see Asia watch's full translation of this document 1992). Let me remind you again, there were 1,445,000 Mongols in 1965, How many of them were adults and what does that mean "790,000 people were incarcerated? More than 50 percent of the entire Mongol population.

Between 1965 - 1981, the natural increase rate of the Mongols in IMAR was 2.1%. But from 1947's 830,000 to 1965 1,445,000, the natural increase rate was 3.11%, with this natural growth, by 1981, IM should have had 2,312,000 people. Yet the statistics show that the Mongols population was 2,020,000 people (Document No. 28). The difference is 282,000 people, what had happened to the 282,000 people. How many people died directly and indirectly after the ferocious campaign of this unjust case? Why the population has decreased this dramatically? Within the period of the genocide campaign there was no big famine, plagues or wars reported. Also the "One Child Policy" of China was even not started. The only thing that is really happening was the genocide. I have the reason to use the year of 1981's population number. Because:

1. This is the year that China reconsolidated the three eastern Aimags and other administrative units (which were divided to other Chinese provinces in 1967) and land back to IMAR, and the statistics can be seen as whole.

2. During prior 16 years (1965-1981), China did not conduct a censure survey.

3. The genocide's immediate aftermaths continued after 1977, meant those severely wounded and sickened were dying slowly and continuously. Until the in depth and complete investigation is done by unbiased scholars, historians, legal experts, we have to use the evidences and the statistics that are available to us to make the closet estimation about the total number of the victims.

The missing part, at least 300,000 people were the direct and indirect victims of the genocide, and they can be divided into three different estimations. The first 100,000 people were the brutally killed by the authorities; Another 100,000 people are the indirect victims or more precisely, did not die right away but died of the result of the long incarceration, brutal tortures and lack of medical care to heal the damaged health. Many people were forced to commit suicide, because they suffered unbearable pain of physical and mental traumas caused by the tortures.

Hundreds of thousands of Mongolian families were destroyed and tens of thousands of children were orphaned. Children and elderly were not taken care of, died unnaturally or dead untimely early. The very last 100,000 were the unborn victims of the genocide. The families, marriages and reproduction were all severely damaged and tens of thousands of women lost their abilities to give birth, because of the damaged body and other health problems caused by the inhumane tortures. So did to the males populations.

People also should notice that the tortures in many cases inhumanly targeted the victims gentle organs on purpose and the damages are permanent (see the first part of this article "The Genocide and Its Brutality and Savage Nature").

The dead victims' numbers in a conservative estimation could reach around 100,000 - 200,000, which is about 8-15 percent of the entire population of the Mongol at that time. It is by any and every standard, is a GENOCIDE.

Let see how these numbers are applied in some local areas and try to picture the scope of the campaign:

Up to May 1969, in whole Aimag (Jirim), 48500 people were accused of the member of NIMPRP or its disgusted organizations, among them, killed, wounded, crippled more than 14000, more than 7000 are Mongols...

Same book page 261

According to the four Aimags and two cities'(does not include the Malitia Units, the direct branches of the IMAR) uncompleted statistics, in the clearance of the front of the class, especially during unearth "IMPRP", 4759 people were killed or forced to die unnaturally...

The statistics from different areas came----1679 people were killed in Ulan-chav Aimag, 1250 people were killed in Shili-gol Aimag, 346 people were killed in Bayan-nuur Aimag, 938 people in Ikhe-joo Aimag, 346 in Khuhu-Kot city, 205 in Boa-tu city.....

...

According to the statistics in a document called "The report on current status of the policy implementation in Ulan-chav Aimag" dated July 19, 1974, entire Aimag (not include the whole numbers of Si-zi wang banner, Liang Chen Xian, and the direct branches of the Aimag) unearthed 76162 people, among them, 1685 dead, 4565 people were crippled, 8628 people were wounded. If add up other cases like political, historical, family backgrounds etc., dead, crippled, wounded numbers are much greater than this number, death row could reach 2000 people.

Same book page 285

From above-mentioned couple paragraphs (which did not even reflect the one third of the areas of the IMAR), we can tell that the dead victims' numbers are much greater than what the Chinese government claims "16222" people and in order to make this number looks as genuine as possible, they used so precise figures up to the last digit (I am surprised that they did not put a half person or a decimal point and say "16222.43" or something), and they even could put something like the name of the "Last victim". The figure "16222" is a not even close to the one big Aimag's death row.

The campaign started with full speed and the efficiency of the unearthing process was shocking, and the scope can reach to any Mongols. See the following:

December 1968, Ten Hai Ching stated in a report to the Central Government on the issue of the IMPRP, "Report on the question of IMPRP".....

***

... The masses of the revolution, have launched a full attack against the Inner Mongolian People's Revolution Party (IMPRP), which is a nationalist, separatist intelligent cult and is anti-party betrayed from the country, and we won the initial great victory. According the uncompleted statistics from four Aimags and two Cities (not include the Hulun-boir, Jirem, and Bayen-nuur aimags), up to December 10, (we) have unearthed 10911 members of "IMPRP".

Page 208-209

On April 19, 1969, In an "A Memo of Ten Hai Chin, We Tao, Li Shu De" to the Central Government. Wrote:...

"Before the Fourth Conference of the Revolution committee (held on November 3, 1968.-author), IMAR already unearthed 130,000 people." "From last year November to this year March 15, (we) unearthed additional 250,000 people".

Page 236

The campaign was so open and was mandatory work, started with shocking speedy, terrifying campaigns of registration. Similar to the Nazi's actions forced the Jews to register, later insulted them, then caught them, then put into concentration campus, later brutally tortured them and inhumanly killed them. The Chinese rulers did almost exactly the same thing and the historical bitter coincidence of these two genocides took place apart from each other 20 years. This can be seen from one public notice back to October 18, 1968, and other announcement made by the authority. The following is the translation of the Public Notice:

Public Notice

In the light of the series newest orders of great leader Chairman Mao, our region's proletarian cultural revolution is great. The mass campaign of the unearthing "Ulanhuu' black-front, liquidating Ulanhuu's poisonous influence has reached a great victor. Present, our region is same as everywhere in the country, in the peak of a great campaign of "struggle, criticize, and reform", to take over the whole and final victory of the proletarian cultural revolutionary.

According to the order of the Revolutionary Committee to the Policy and Law committee of the IMAR, "The report on a couple decisions on questions of conducting registration of 'IMPRP'", after the "Conference of May 1" 1947, "IMPRP" and its branches are all anti-revolutionary organizations, the members of which must register. The registration work is announced

following:

One. Regarding registering "IMPRP" and its branches, under the leadership of the IMAR and Khuh-Khot city's two levels revolution committee, establish a registration work office. The registration office is located at Khuh-Khot City' Labor Union' building, third floor. Phone number: 2267. The office has five registration stations. They are located respectively: Dun-Fen Police units' military curfew committee (MCC); Shin-Cheng dispatcher of the police. Hung-Qi Police Units' MCC, Xiang-Yang Police Units' MCC; Suburban Police Units MCC, are responsible for entire work of registering the "IMPRP" and its branches.

Two. The work of registering the "IMPRP" and its branches is a serious class struggle, is an important measure to completely destroy Ulanhuu's anti-party cult, as well as taking the whole victory of the Proletarian Revolution in our country. Therefore, our proletarian revolution section and the revolution masses must actively take actions, to battle people's war of surrounding and destroying the IMPRP" and its disgusted branches.