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Conferenza Partito radicale
Partito Radicale Artur - 13 aprile 2000
New World Political Era!

Last political development of the Pan European Community and its right aims of political & economic unification, recently and the most important military unification, certainly will bring a new geo-strategic & geo-political configuration for all the Global Political World.

This phenomenon in changing, not new, but more visible, certainly is concentrated between United Europe, not yet unified by all means, and United States of America consolidated in perfection. Certainly, such features of this phenomenon became more visible in relations between basic International Organisations or to the Institutions, which conduct the global policy, i.e. United Nations Organization (UNO) and North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).

These relations in changing are more visible to the last Organisation, NATO, which beyond political character has more underline military character with consolidated rules of cooperation between members. NATO being such organisation is founded on few rules and certainly much strict ones. Whilst, UNO as collective political organisation is more expandable and to this new political era is facing a crisis of identity within it self. Certainly the UNO collective identity crisis is as heavy as the national ones are.

UNO facing the crisis of identity!

Immanuel KANT, German philosopher, principally has given the idea of such organisation in the late 18th century. KANT proposing the foundation of one League or Federation of Nations aimed the unification of Nations to react against aggression. In poor words a collective protection against aggression. KANT thought also this Organisation, or league, as a support for smaller Nations!

As a matter of fact the KANT's idea became reality just after the World War I and the radical destroying that war brought to humankind. Terrorised by these war destroying the States, in natural ways, inspirited for peace founded League of Nations in 1920 which was composed by 63 nations including super potencies of that era as Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, and Socialist Republic of Soviet Union!

Two of the basic reasons that brought failing of this first Nations Organization, according to Historians, there are, first the missing of most powerful States in the membership of this Organisation, most notable the Unites States of America and second these league members proved also unwilling to oppose aggression by Japan. Italy and Germany in 1930, This aggression ultimately led to World War II, 1939 - 1945. In the end the league failed in its most basic mission to prevent an other world war! While, this Nations League could work formally till 1946!

After the Second World War in 1945 was founded the present United Nations Organisation with basic aiming promotion of the world peace, cooperation and developing of positive relations between Countries. This International organization, UNO, today is composed by 185 Countries which are supposed to have accepted obligations of these membership especially on above stressed lines.

In the mean while, it looks that 2000 years have brought again the necessity for changes within this very important organisation for the global policy and its smooth-course, or progress.

Changing of interests, in natural way, bring necessity for changing of inner rules of cooperation on basic acting of this Organisation. This last necessity, (developing) happens bringing also crisis of identity within the Organisation, or crisis of identity to whom that compose this Organization. These identity's crises are more visible to such organisation as UNO because it has not an underlined military character and, may be, because most of all Countries are its members with different rights!

In basic inner rules one of the right, which is not up to all members, is that of veto in decision-making proceeding. Till the present, the right of veto to United Nations Security Council, which is the most powerful body of the organization, have only some of the winning powers of world war II as, United States, Britain, France, Russia (formerly Soviet Union) and China. UNO's Security Council in fact has 15 members and five above-mentioned Countries hold permanent seats and have, till present, the right of veto.

While, we all note that global political configuration has changed and, although, not all think that, the configurations of such international organisation making-decision organs should change, at least, this to United Nations Organisation should be an immediate need.

The case of the approving of one resolution by Security Council of UNO to oppose and stop the genocide and violence of Serbs against Albanian of Kosova, it's the typical case of this negative phenomenon of veto in this high Making-decision Organ. Some Countries, permanent members of Security Council, forgetting the basic aims of the foundation of this Organisation, for peace and cooperation, blocked the approving of this resolution by this strange veto. What really happened during this blockage of votes by Security Council of UNO there is no need, I think, to be repeated !

NATO facing a new European Gaullism!

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as United Nation Organization (UNO) was also founded after the new global political relations of post World War II and punctually in 4th April 1946. In this year Belgium, Denmark, France, Norway, Italy, Britain, Iceland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Canada and USA signed the basic act of this historic Treaty.

By the political view, NATO at its time was founded as a reaction of west to oppose the geo-political developing of Russia after the end of world war second. Expansion of Russia in many east Countries, territorial requests of Russia, supporting of guerrillas in Greece and separatism in Iran and others acting like these, were seen by many western leaders as threatening of stability in Europe.

By the strategic point of view, developing of NATO has always been dynamic and equivalent with global political developing. The outbreak of Korean War in June of 1950 convinced the Allies the Soviet might act against divided Germany and this brought not only the creation of a Military Command System, but also the expansion of the Organisation. In 1952 Greece and Turkey joined the Organisation and 1955 West Germany was accepted under a complicated arrangement.

Having in mind the passed history of Germany and specific interests of specific Countries, members of this military-political organisation, certainly this last development brought inner jealousy within the Organisation. Clearly the Organisation was headed, military & economically, by United States and these phenomenon, as results, brought two remarkable acts of that period:

The withdrawal of France from the Organisation, but not from Alliance. This happened in year 1996 when France was under President Charles de Gaulle,

The rising influence of smaller Nations, which sought to use NATO as an instrument of defence. The crisis of Czechoslovakia in 1968 was a turning point of NATO; thereafter it was viewed as a source of security for Europe.

Today the situation in its complexity looks like the same with those years, but with changing of roles and positions. Instead of divided Germany of those days we some how have the Albanian divided territories of Balkan and Kosova under menace and also under discussion. We have Russia again, with moderate ways or not moderate ones, willing to have again the same role in the International politics! Russia this time instead of Est. Germany and it's own satellites, especially in Balkan, certainly try to use Orthodox People of this complicated Region.

In the mean while, NATO in relation with Kosova conflict has already proved that in base of military rules it can work perfectly, but in base of political ones doesn't work properly! Now the States which compose NATO not in front of the war to win Kosova, but in front of challenging to reconstruct the destroyed Kosova, look more undetermined than ever before!

Whilst, the main aims to safeguard interests, who unify USA with Europe, looked to be shaken out by facing public accusing for spying within NATO's troops. It is clear that this phenomenon not for what is, but for what represent

It is a sign of difficulties within NATO States, which compose That! So, in political view we cannot speak for an isolated spy but for reciprocal priorities and also for conflict of interests between Countries of NATO.

Disapproving of France, Greece and Italy for bombing ex Yugoslavia of Miloscèvic and their forced participating on these military actions brought a lot of irritation within USA for these Countries. Today, these phenomenon became more evident and be more concrete on seeing differently the relations and interests by each Country and especially by European Union.

This emerged developing during Kosova's conflict within European Community has brought the necessity of a military European organisation and the present "European Corps in Kosova" politically should be seen as reaction for being more efficient on the implementation of own political wills.

While, Romano PRODI declare clearly that he wants to found an European Military Stand, Javier SOLANA speaks for an European Security Identity and, this look very combined with French Minister' views, VEDRINE, against the American Super-power (See Times, 14th of March). These new political approaching are surely and clearly signs of changing of interests between parts within NATO.

Whilst, the irony of these facts is concentrated principally and again in Kosova, where this new European Gaullism should obtained the unison between parts for collaborating and stopping the ethnic conflict of zone! Unfortunately, the results tell different issues and publicly there is also spoken for ethnic conflict within NATO it self! Especially you can note that to the divided city of Mitrovica (Kosova) where there are clear signs that ethnic conflict is not only between Albanians and Serbs but also between French and English military forces! (See Daily Telegraph, 12th of March)

These political happenings surely can be followed by difficulties especially by former Varsaw Treaty who want to became member of NATO and this political development became more complicated when Russia it self make unprecedented advances which are really risky ones for the stability of the world! Wesly CLARK, Supreme Commandant of NATO's forces for Europe, in a visit in Vilnius of Lithuania, was declared very disturbed for a new Rushing doctrine in developing, which gives space to the nuclear army and declare frankly that Russia will be working more for protecting of Russia's interests than for cooperation with others! According to some analysers this has been seen as turning to the rushing points of 1990!

 
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