17 December 1981

Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa A Situation in South Africa

The General Assembly,

Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against Apartheid, Reaffirming that apartheid is a crime against humanity and a threat to international peace and security,

Recognizing the contribution of the struggle for freedom and equality in South Africa to the purposes of the United Nations,

Conscious of the responsibility of the United Nations and the international community towards the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement, as proclaimed, in particular, in General Assembly resolution 3411 C (XXX) of 28 November 1975,

Convinced that it is incumbent on the international community to provide all necessary assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement in their legitimate struggle for the establishment of a democratic society in accordance with their inalienable rights, as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,

Welcoming with great satisfaction the growing mobilization of world public opinion and of all segments of the oppressed people of South Africa against apartheid,

Commending, in particular, the courageous struggle of the black workers of South Africa for their legitimate rights,

Commending the liberation movements, particularly the African National Congress of South Africa, and the oppressed people of South Africa for intensifying the armed struggle against the racist regime,

Paying tribute to all those who have sacrificed their lives in the struggle for freedom and human dignity in South Africa,

Reaffirming that the apartheid regime is totally responsible for precipitating violent conflict through its policy of apartheid and inhuman repression,

Gravely concerned at the intensification of repression in South Africa and the imposition of death sentences on six freedom fighters of the African National Congress of South Africa, namely, Mr.Johannes Shabangu, Mr. Anthony Tsotsobe, Mr. David Moise, Mr.

Ncimbithi Johnson Lubisi, Mr. Naphtali Manana and Mr. Petrus Tsepo Mashingo,

Reaffirming that freedom fighters of South Africa are entitled to prisoner-of-war status under Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 1949,

Denouncing the policy of "bantustanization" designed to deprive the African majority of citizenship and to further dispossess it of its inalienable rights, as well as the continuing forced removals of millions of black people, as an international crime,

Recognizing that apartheid cannot be reformed but must be totally eliminated, Noting with indignation the recent vetoing by the Western permanent members of the Security Council of proposals to impose mandatory sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa,

Concerned that some Western countries and Israel continue to provide military supplies to South Africa, directly and indirectly, in gross violation of the provisions of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 forbidding the supply of arms and all related materiel to the apartheid regime,

Reaffirming that the policies and actions of the apartheid regime, the strengthening of its military forces and its escalating acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism against independent African States have resulted in frequent breaches of the peace and constitute a grave threat to international peace and security,

Recognizing the urgent need for increased humanitarian and educational assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa, as well as direct assistance to the national liberation movement in its legitimate struggle,

Taking note of Economic and Social Council resolution 1981/54 of 22 July 1981 on implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples and assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement by the specialized agencies and the international institutions associated with the United Nations,

Recalling and reaffirming the Declaration on South Africa contained in its resolution 34/93 O of 12 December 1979,

Endorsing the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa, adopted by the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981, as well as the declarations of international seminars organized by the Special Committee against Apartheid in 1981,

Emphasizing the conclusion of the Paris Declaration that the continuing political, economic and military collaboration of certain Western States and their transnational corporations with the racist regime of South Africa encourages its persistent intransigence and defiance of the international community and constitutes a major obstacle to the elimination of the inhuman and criminal system of apartheid in South Africa and the attainment of self-determination, freedom and national independence by the people of Namibia,

Considering that the acquisition of nuclear capability by the apartheid regime constitutes a grave menace to Africa and the world,

Condemning all military, nuclear and other collaboration by certain Western States and Israel with South Africa,

Condemning also the collaboration by transnational corporations and financial institutions with South Africa,

1. Strongly condemns the apartheid regime of South Africa for its burtal repression and indiscriminate torture and killings of workers, schoolchildren and other opponents of apartheid, and the imposition of death sentences on freedom fighters;

2. Vehemently condemns the apartheid regime for its repeated acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism against independent African States, designed to destabilize the whole of southern Africa;

3. Reiterates its firm conviction that the apartheid regime has been encouraged to undertake these criminal acts by the protection afforded by major Western Powers against international sanctions and especially by the pronouncements, policies and actions of the Government of the United States of America;

4. Condemns, in particular, the actions of those States, especially the major trading partners of South Africa, which have increased their political, economic and military relations with the racist regime of South Africa despite repeated appeals by the General Assembly;

5. Further condemns those transnational corporations, financial institutions and other organizations which collaborate with the racist regime and apartheid institutions in South Africa;

6. Reaffirms its conviction that comprehensive and mandatory sanctions under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, universally applied, are the most appropriate and effective means by which the international community can assist the legitimate struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa and discharge its responsibilities for the maintenance of international peace and security;

7. Urges the Security Council to determine that the situation in South Africa, and in southern Africa as a whole, resulting from the policies and actions of the apartheid regime of South Africa constitutes a grave and growing threat to international peace and security and to impose comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against that regime under Chapter VII of the Charter;

8. Deplores the action of the Western permanent members of the Security Council in vetoing proposals for mandatory and comprehensive sanctions against South Africa and calls upon them to co-operate in effective action for the elimination of apartheid;

9. Denounces the proclamation of the so-called "independence" of the Ciskei on 4 December 1981;

10. Again calls upon all States and organizations to refrain from any recognition of or co-operation with the so-called "independent" bantustans;

11. Calls upon all States, in particular the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Germany, France and Israel to take urgent, effective measures to terminate all collaboration with South Africa in the political, diplomatic, economic, trade, military, nuclear and other fields in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the United Nations;

12. Appeals to all States which have not yet done so to accede to the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid;

13. Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement, by all available means including armed struggle, for the seizure of power by the people, the elimination of the apartheid regime and the exercise of the right of self-determination by the people of South Africa as a whole;

14. Demands that the apartheid regime treat captured freedom fighters as prisoners of war under the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocol I thereto;

15. Again proclaims its full support of the national liberation movement of South Africa as the authentic representative of the South African people in their just struggle for liberation;

16. Appeals to all States to provide all necessary humanitarian, educational, financial and other necessary assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement in their legitimate struggle;

17. Urges the United Nations Development Programme and other agencies of the United Nations system to expand their assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and to the South African liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity, namely, the African National Congress of South Africa and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania, in consultation with the Special Committee against Apartheid;

18. Decides to continue the authorization of adequate financial provision in the budget of the United Nations to enable those liberation movements to maintain offices in New York in order to participate effectively in the deliberations of the Special Committee and other appropriate bodies;

19. Extends its greetings to the African National Congress of South Africa on its seventieth anniversary;

20. Requests Governments and organizations to co-operate with the Special Committee in publicizing the national liberation struggle in South Africa, its legitimate objectives and its wider significance;

21. Reaffirms the commitment of the United Nations to the total eradication of apartheid and the establishment of a democratic society in which all the people of South Africa as a whole, irrespective of race, colour, sex or creed, will enjoy equal and full human rights and fundamental freedoms and participate freely in the determination of their destiny.

B

International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa The General Assembly,

Having considered the report of the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981,

Recognizing that the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa, adopted by the Conference, provides the framework for effective international action for the elimination of apartheid and for averting the growing threat to international peace and security,

Recognizing the need to promote maximum support for the implementation of the Paris Declaration,

Having considered the special report of the Special Committee against Apartheid on the International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa,

Having further considered resolution CM/Res.865 (XXXVII) adopted by the Council of Ministers of the Organization of African Unity at its thirty-seventh ordinary session, held at Nairobi from 15 to 26 June 1981,

1. Endorses the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa and commends it to the attention of all Governments and organizations;

2. Proclaims 1982 as the International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa;

3. Endorses the programme for the Year recommended by the Special Committee against Apartheid in its special report;

4. Requests the Special Committee to take all appropriate action to promote the widest and most effective observance of the Year;

5. Invites all Governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations and institutions to participate effectively in the observance of the Year in co-operation with the United Nations;

6. Requests the Secretary-General to encourage the widest possible observance of the Year and to provide all necessary assistance to the Special Committee in the discharge of its responsibilities.

C

Acts of aggression by the apartheid regime against Angola and other independent African States The General Assembly,

Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Gravely concerned at the explosive situation in southern Africa resulting from the policies and actions of the apartheid regime of South Africa,

Condemning the continuing acts of aggression committed by the apartheid regime against independent African States, in particular its raid on Matola, Mozambique, in January 1981, its large-scale invasion of Angola since July 1981, and its recent invasion of Seychelles on 25 November 1981,

Noting with grave concern that the Security Council was unable on 13 August 1981, owing to the veto by the United States of America, to adopt a resolution condemning the unprovoked and massive armed aggression of South Africa against Angola,

Commending the Government and people of Angola, as well as the Governments and peoples of other front-line States, for their sacrifices in the cause of the liberation of South Africa and Namibia,

Recognizing that the apartheid regime of South Africa is guilty of repeated breaches of the peace and acts of aggression which constitute an ever-growing threat to international peace and security,

Condemning any encouragement to the apartheid regime in its acts of aggression, direct or indirect, as hostile to the interests of peace and freedom,

Commending all States which have provided assistance to Angola and other front-line States in accordance with relevant resolutions of the United Nations,

1. Condemns the unprovoked acts of aggression committed by the racist regime of South Africa against Angola, Seychelles and other independent African States;

2. Urges the Security Council to adopt effective measures, under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, to prevent the breaches of peace and acts of aggression by the apartheid regime, and thereby avert the grave threat to international peace and security;

3. Demands the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all troops of the apartheid regime of South Africa from Angola and demands that South Africa respect fully the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Angola and other States;

4. Further demands that the Government of South Africa pay full compensation to Angola for the damage to life and property caused by its acts of aggression;

5. Calls upon all States and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations to provide moral and material support to the Government and people of Angola and other independent African States subjected to acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism by the apartheid regime;

6. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to publicize the criminal acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism by the apartheid regime and to promote moral and material support to Angola and other front-line States.

D

Comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 C of 16 December 1980,

Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Recognizing that comprehensive and mandatory sanctions under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations are essential to avert the grave threat to international peace and security resulting from the policies and actions of the apartheid regime of South Africa,

Considering that political, economic, military and any other collaboration with the apartheid regime of South Africa encourages its persistent intransigence and defiance of the international community and its escalating acts of repression and aggression,

Deploring the attitude of those Western permanent members of the Security Council which have so far prevented the Council from adopting comprehensive sanctions against that regime under Chapter VII of the Charter,

Further deploring the attitude of those States, in particular the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Federal Republic of Germany and Israel, which have continued and increased their political, military, economic and other collaboration with South Africa,

Strongly condemning the activities of those transnational corporations which continue to collaborate with the apartheid regime, especially in the military, nuclear, petroleum and other fields, and of those financial institutions which have continued to provide loans and credits to South Africa,

Deploring the policies of those States which refuse to take firm action against transnational corporations and financial institutions within their jurisdiction to prevent them from collaborating with the apartheid regime,

Commending the efforts of trade unions, religious institutions, student organizations and anti-apartheid movements in their campaigns against transnational corporations and financial institutions collaborating with the racist regime of South Africa,

Taking into account the relevant decisions adopted by the Conference of Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Non-Aligned Countries held at New Delhi from 9 to 13 February 1981 and by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its eighteenth ordinary session, held at Nairobi from 24 to 27 June 1981,

Having considered the declarations and reports of commissions of the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, as well as the declarations of the international seminars organized by the Special Committee,

1. Endorses the declarations of the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa as well as the reports of its Political and Technical Commissions, and the declarations of the international seminars organized by the Special Committee against Apartheid;

2. Also endorses the recommendations of the Seminar on Effective Measures to Prevent Transnational Corporations and Other Established Interests from Collaborating with the Racist Regime of South Africa, held at Geneva from 29 June to 3 July 1981;

3. Requests the Security Council urgently to consider the above declarations and reports with a view to the imposition of comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations;

4. Condemns the continuing economic and other collaboration by certain Western and other States in particular the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Federal Republic of Germany and Israel, with the racist regime of South Africa;

5. Commends all Governments which have taken action to break off, or to refrain from, any relations with the apartheid regime of South Africa;

6. Urges all States which have not yet done so to adopt separate and collective measures for comprehensive sanctions against South Africa, pending action by the Security Council;

7. Calls upon all Governments which have not yet done so:

(a) To sever diplomatic, military, nuclear, economic, cultural, academic, sports and other relations with the apartheid regime of South Africa;

(b) To implement scrupulously the arms embargo against South Africa and prohibit all forms of nuclear collaboration with South Africa;

(c) To cease all direct and indirect trade and commercial transactions with, as well as loans to and investments in, South Africa;

(d) To terminate all government promotion of, assistance or facilities to trade with and investment in South Africa;

(e) To prohibit the sale of krugerrands;

(f) To prohibit within their jurisdiction collaboration by corporations and individuals with the racist regime of South Africa;

(g) To cease any facilities to airlines and shipping lines of South Africa and to prevent their national airlines and shipping companies from providing services to and from South Africa;

(h) To deny visas and other facilities to South African athletes, artists, entertainers and academic personalities and effectively to prevent their nationals from having cultural, academic and sporting contacts with South Africa;

8. Again requests States members of the European Economic Community, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as well as parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, to take the necessary steps to deny all assistance and commercial or other facilities to the racist regime of South Africa;

9. Expresses serious concern that the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank have not taken steps to terminate loans and credits to South Africa and to suspend South Africa from membership;

10. Requests the Secretary-General to undertake urgent consultations with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in order to persuade them to respect repeated resolutions of the United Nations on collaboration with the apartheid regime of South Africa and to report to the General Assembly at its thirty-seventh session;

11. Requests the Secretary-General, as well as all agencies and organizations of the United Nations system:

(a) To withhold any facilities from, or investment of any funds in, banks, financial institutions and corporations which continue to give loans to or invest in South Africa;

(b) To refrain from any purchase of South African products, directly or indirectly;

(c) To deny any contracts or facilities to transnational corporations and financial institutions collaborating with South Africa;

(d) To prohibit any official travel by South African Airways or South African shipping lines;

12. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee against Apartheid:

(a) To continue and intensify its campaign to achieve world-wide support for comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against the racist regime of South Africa;

(b) To strengthen its co-operation with trade unions and other organizations to promote effective sanctions against South Africa;

(c) To publicize the activities of transnational corporations, financial institutions and other interests collaborating with the apartheid regime of South Africa;

(d) To organize conferences and seminars, and to arrange for studies and publications, on all aspects of sanctions against South Africa and the continuing collaboration with South Africa by Governments, corporations and other interests;

13. Invites all Governments, parliaments, non-governmental organizations, anti-apartheid and solidarity movements, trade unions, religious bodies and other groups to promote comprehensive sanctions against South Africa in co-operation with the Special Committee.

E

Military and nuclear collaboration with South Africa The General Assembly,

Reaffirming its resolutions on military and nuclear collaboration with South Africa, in particular its resolution 35/206 B of 16 December 1980,

Recalling Security Council resolutions 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977, 421 (1977) of 9 December 1977 and 473 (1980) of 13 June 1980,

Recalling also its resolutions concerning the denuclearization of the continent of Africa,

Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against Apartheid and of the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981,

Gravely concerned that the racist regime of South Africa has continued to obtain military equipment and ammunition, as well as technology and know-how, to develop its armament industry and to acquire nuclear-weapon capability,

Recognizing that any nuclear-weapon capability of the racist regime of South Africa constitutes a threat to international peace and security,

Expressing its serious concern at the failure of certain members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Israel and other States to cease their co-operation with the racist regime of South Africa in the military and nuclear fields and to prevent corporations within their jurisdiction from carrying out such co-operation,

Condemning the attitude of those transnational corporations which continue, through their collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa, to enhance its military and nuclear capabilities,

Considering the urgent need for comprehensive mandatory sanctions by the Security Council, under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, to prohibit any military and nuclear collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa,

1. Strongly condemns the collusion by the Governments of certain Western countries and other States, particularly those of the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Germany and Israel, with the racist regime of South Africa in the nuclear field and calls upon France and all other Governments to refrain from supplying the racist minority regime in South Africa, directly or indirectly, with installations that might enable it to produce uranium, plutonium and other nuclear materials, reactors or military equipment;

2. Further condemns the manoeuvres to create a South Atlantic Treaty Organization with the racist South African regime and appeals to the Security Council to undertake such measures to ensure that this sinister organization is not established;

3. Condemns all States which violate the arms embargo and continue to collaborate with South Africa in the military and nuclear fields, in particular certain Western States and Israel;

4. Expresses its deep concern over reports on the recent talks between the United States of America and South Africa concerning closer collaboration in the nuclear field;

5. Urges the Security Council to take immediate steps to ensure the scrupulous and full implementation of the arms embargo imposed by its resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 and the effective monitoring of the embargo in the light of the report of the Council Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa on ways and means of making the mandatory arms embargo against South Africa more effective;

6. Again requests the Security Council to take mandatory measures to strengthen the arms embargo and secure the immediate cessation of any form of collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa in the military and nuclear fields;

7. Requests all States to co-operate with the Special Committee against Apartheid in its efforts to ensure the total cessation of military and nuclear collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa;

8. Invites all Governments and organizations to assist, in consultation with the national liberation movements of South Africa and Namibia, persons compelled to leave South Africa because of their objection, on the ground of conscience, to serving the military or police force of the apartheid regime;

9. Authorizes the Special Committee:

(a) To follow closely the question of South Africa's nuclear plan and capability;

(b) To continue its efforts to promote a comprehensive and effective embargo on all forms of military and nuclear collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa;

(c) To continue its efforts to expose all developments concerning military and nuclear collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa, particularly:

(i) Supply of arms, technology and other vital resources in contravention of resolutions of the United Nations;

(ii) Attempts to forge any military alliance with the racist regime of South Africa;

(iii) Development of further links with the apartheid regime as an ally in the context of aggravating international tension and conflict.

F

Arms embargo against South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolution 35/206 B of 16 December 1980, Further recalling Security Council resolutions 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977, 421 (1977) of 9 December 1977 and 473 (1980) of 13 June 1980,

Recognizing the importance of the effective and universal implementation of the arms embargo against South Africa, the cessation of all military co-operation with South Africa and the denial of any assistance or co-operation, either direct or indirect to South Africa, in its military build-up or nuclear plans,

Considering that military or nuclear co-operation with South Africa increases the threat to international peace and security,

Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Taking note of the report of the International Seminar on the Implementation and Reinforcement of the Arms Embargo against South Africa, held in London from 1 to 3 April 1981, and the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa,

Expressing its grave concern over the large increase in the military budget of South Africa since the imposition of the arms embargo by the Security Council, the development by South Africa of its nuclear-weapon capability and the increasing acts of aggression by South Africa against independent African States,

Noting with regret that the Security Council has so far failed to take action on the report of 19 September 1980 of its Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa on ways and means of making the mandatory arms embargo against South Africa more effective,

Commending the World Campaign against Military and Nuclear Collaboration with South Africa and other groups for their co-operation in providing information to organs of the United Nations on infringements of the arms embargo,

1. Urges the Security Council to consider effective measures to reinforce and strengthen the arms embargo against South Africa, taking into account the recommendations of its Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa, the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa and the Declaration of the International Seminar on the Implementation and Reinforcement of the Arms Embargo against South Africa;

2. Calls upon all States to take effective measures to ensure that governmental and non-governmental organizations within their jurisdiction cease any relations with the military and police forces, military industry and nuclear institutions of South Africa;

3. Requests all States concerned to take firm steps to prevent any co-operation or contacts with the South Africa regime by military alliances to which they are parties;

4. Requests all States to extend their co-operation to the Special Committee against Apartheid and the Security Council Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa in the discharge of their respective mandates;

5. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure more effective Secretariat services for the monitoring of the arms embargo against South Africa and maximum co-ordination towards that end;

6. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee:

(a) To strengthen its co-operation with the Security Council Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) on the question of South Africa;

(b) To continue in its efforts to promote a comprehensive and effective embargo on all forms of military and nuclear collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa.

G

Oil embargo against South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 D of 16 December 1980, Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Taking note of the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa, adopted by the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981, and the Declaration of the Conference of West European Parliamentarians on an Oil Embargo against South Africa, held at Brussels on 30 and 31 January 1981,

Convinced that an embargo on the supply of petroleum, petroleum products and other strategic materials is an essential complement to the arms embargo against South Africa,

Commending all Governments which have imposed an oil embargo against South Africa,

Taking note of the resolution adopted on 5 May 1981 by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries to tighten crude oil sales contracts to prevent oil from reaching South Africa,

Reiterating the urgent need for the imposition of a mandatory oil embargo against South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations and for more effective monitoring of the embargoes imposed by most oil-exporting States,

Condemning the activities of corporations and other interests engaged in the clandestine supply to South Africa of oil from countries which imposed an oil embargo,

1. Again requests the Security Council to consider urgently a mandatory embargo on the supply of petroleum and petroleum products of South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations;

2. Urges all States which have not yet done so to take effective legislative and other measures to ensure the effective implementation of an oil embargo against South Africa;

3. Requests all States concerned to take effective action against corporations and tanker companies involved in the illicit supply of oil to South Africa;

4. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee against Apartheid to continue its efforts, including the undertaking of missions, the holding of seminars and the publication of studies, to promote an effective oil embargo against South Africa;

5. Further authorizes the Special Committee, in consultation with the Secretary-General of the United Nations and oil-exporting countries, to organize if necessary, under the auspices of the United Nations, a conference of oil-exporting countries which have imposed an oil embargo against South Africa to consider national and international arrangements to ensure the effective implementation of their oil embargo;

6. Invites Governments, international and non-governmental organizations, trade unions and other appropriate bodies to lend their full support to the oil embargo against South Africa.

H

International Conference of Trade Unions on Sanctions against South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolution 35/206 C of 16 December 1980,

Deploring that some Member States have maintained and even increased their political, military, economic and other relations with South Africa despite resolutions of the United Nations on apartheid;

Having considered the report of the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981, as well as the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Recognizing the important role of trade union organizations in the international campaign for sanctions against South Africa,

1. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee against Apartheid to take all necessary steps, in co-operation with the United Nations Council for Namibia, the International Labour Organisation, the Organization of African Unity and the Organization of African Trade Union Unity to organize in 1982 an International Conference of Trade Unions on Sanctions against South Africa for the purpose of working out a programme of action towards the enforcement of sanctions against apartheid;

2. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all necessary assistance to the Special Committee in the organization of the conference.

I

Academic, cultural and sports boycotts of South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions 35/206 E and M of 16 December 1980,

Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid and the report of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Drafting of an International Convention against Apartheid in Sports,

Recognizing the importance of the participation of writers, musicians, artists, sportsmen, academic personalities and others in the international campaign against apartheid,

Commending all Governments, organizations and individuals that have taken action for the academic, cultural, sports and other boycotts of South Africa in solidarity with the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement,

Commending, in particular, the organizations and individuals in Ireland, New Zealand and the United States of America that have effectively demonstrated their opposition to exchanges with South African rugby teams, Deploring the actions of those sports bodies and sportsmen who have continued to collaborate with South Africa, and the failure of several Governments to take firm action to terminate sporting contacts with South Africa, in particular the Governments of New Zealand and the United States of America, which have permitted tours by Springbok rugby teams despite widespread public protests in their countries and appeals by the Special Committee,

Emphasizing the urgent need for an international convention against apartheid in sports,

1. Commends the Special Committee against Apartheid for its efforts to promote an effective academic, cultural and sports boycott of South Africa and to mobilize academic, cultural and sports personalities in the campaign against apartheid;

2. Notes with appreciation the action of the Special Committee in publishing lists of sportsmen, entertainers and others visiting South Africa to enable the Governments and organizations to take any action that they may deem appropriate;

3. Condemns those sports organizations, sportsmen and promoters of sports events who have collaborated with South Africa in violation of the resolutions of the General Assembly and the International Declaration against Apartheid in Sports;

4. Endorses the proposal of the Special Committee to organize national and international conferences and exhibits to promote action by academic, cultural and sports personalities against apartheid;

5. Requests the Ad Hoc Committee on the Drafting of an International Convention against Apartheid in Sports to continue its work with a view to submitting a draft convention as soon as possible;

6. Authorizes the Ad Hoc Committee to continue consultations with representatives of Governments and organizations concerned and experts on apartheid in sports.

J

Political prisoners in South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions concerning political prisoners in South Africa, in particular resolution 35/206 K of 16 December 1980,

Noting with grave concern the continued escalation of repression against all opponents of apartheid in South Africa, including the persecution of black trade unionists, students and journalists, as well as the threats against churches,

Alarmed at the imposition of death sentences on six freedom fighters, namely, Mr. Johannes Shabangu, Mr. Anthony Tsotsobe, Mr.

David Moise, Mr. Neimbithi Johnson Lubisi, Mr. Naphtali Manana and Mr. Petrus Tsepo Mashigo,

Further alarmed at the recent assassination of Attorney Griffith Mxenge and other opponents of the apartheid regime,

Considering that the continued repression against and executions of opponents of apartheid are bound to have grave repercussions,

Taking note of the Declaration adopted by the Special Committee against Apartheid on 12 October 1981 to commemorate the Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners,

Reaffirming the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa for the elimination of apartheid and the establishment of a democratic society,

1. Demands again that the racist regime of South Africa:

(a) End repression against the black people and other opponents of apartheid;

(b) Cease all trials under arbitrary repressive laws;

(c) Refrain from the execution of persons sentenced under black repressive laws for acts arising from opposition to apartheid;

(d) Release all political prisoners in South Africa;

(e) Abrogate bans imposed on organizations and the media for their opposition to apartheid;

2. Expresses its appreciation to those Governments, cities, organizations and institutions which have honoured the leaders of the struggle against apartheid, imprisoned or restricted by the South African regime, as part of the campaign for the release of political prisoners in South Africa;

3. Urges all Governments and intergovernmental organizations to take all appropriate action for an end to repression and the release of all political prisoners in South Africa, and to lend their co-operation to the Special Committee against Apartheid;

4. Requests the Special Committee, with the assistance of the Centre against Apartheid of the Secretariat to continue to promote the world campaign for the release of all political prisoners in South Africa.

K

Women and children under apartheid The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolution 35/206 N of l6 December l980,

Gravely concerned over the inhuman oppression of millions of women and children under apartheid, resulting in the killing, detention and torture of schoolchildren protesting against discrimination, the enforced separation of women from their husbands and mass starvation in the reserves,

Commending the Special Committee against Apartheid and its Task Force on Women and Children for giving special attention to the plight of women and children under apartheid,

Noting the wide observance of 9 August l98l as the International Day of Solidarity with the Struggle of Women in South Africa and Namibia,

Noting with appreciation the establishment of the International Committee of Solidarity with the Struggle of Women in South Africa and Namibia,

l. Invites all Governments and organizations to observe 9 August annually as the International Day of Solidarity with the Struggle of Women in South Africa and Namibia;

2. Encourages the Special Committee against Apartheid to intensify activities in support of women and children oppressed by apartheid, and authorizes it to organize conferences, seminars and missions for this purpose;

3. Appeals to all Governments and organizations to provide generous contributions to the projects of the national liberation movements and front-line States for assistance to refugee women and children from South Africa;

4. Invites the co-operation of all Governments and organizations with the Special Committee in promoting solidarity with and assistance to the women and children of South Africa in their struggle for liberation;

5. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure the closest co-operation by the Centre against Apartheid and the Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs as well as the Department of Public Information of the Secretariat, with a view to maximum publicity for the plight of women and children under apartheid and their struggle for national liberation.

L

Public information and public action against apartheid and role of mass media in the struggle against apartheid The General Assembly,

Recognizing the important role of non-governmental organizations and of public action in the international campaign against apartheid,

Recognizing further the importance of public information and the role of mass media in combating apartheid and promoting international action for the eradication of apartheid,

Recognizing, in particular, the need to encourage trade union action for sanctions against South Africa,

Noting with appreciation the co-operation of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the International Labour Organisation and other agencies in this respect,

Noting with great regret the actions of some non-governmental organizations which are actively collaborating with the apartheid regime of South Africa,

Recognizing, in particular, the need to encourage trade union action for sanctions against apartheid,

Having considered the Declaration of the International Seminar on Publicity and Role of Mass Media in the International Mobilization against Apartheid, held at Berlin, German Democratic Republic, from 31 August to 2 September 1981,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolutions 34/93 L and M of 12 December 1979,

1. Commends all anti-apartheid and solidarity movements, trade unions, religious bodies, student and youth organizations and other non-governmental organizations which have made a vital contribution to the international campaign against apartheid;

2. Commends the Declaration of the International Seminar on Publicity and Role of Mass Media in the International Mobilization against Apartheid to the attention of all Governments, organizations and the media;

3. Requests the Secretary-General to take steps for the widest dissemination of the Berlin Declaration;

4. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to take all appropriate action towards the implementation of the recommendations of the International Seminar on Publicity and Role of Mass Media in the International Mobilization against Apartheid, including the publication of expert studies and the organization of national and regional seminars for journalists;

5. Requests the Secretary-General and the Special Committee to give special attention to encouraging action by non-governmental organizations and the mass media in the international campaign against apartheid;

6. Authorizes the Special Committee to promote the organization of the International Conference of Trade Unions on Sanctions against South Africa;

7. Calls upon all non-governmental organizations which have not yet done so to desist from any form of collaboration with the apartheid regime and institutions based on racial discrimination in South Africa;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to lend his co-operation to the Special Committee in investigating and publicizing the collaboration of certain non-governmental organizations with the apartheid regime and institutions of South Africa, and in persuading them to desist from such collaboration;

9. Appeals to all Governments to contribute generously to the Trust Fund for Publicity against Apartheid;

10. Approves the recommendations of the Special Committee contained in paragraph 401 of its report and authorizes it to initiate a feature service on apartheid;

11. Requests the Special Committee to continue and intensify co-operation with non-governmental organizations and with the Non-governmental Organizations Sub-Committee on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonization in promoting the widest public mobilization for sanctions against South Africa and assistance to the national liberation movement of South Africa.

M

Relations between Israel and South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 E of 16 December 1980,

Having considered the special report of the Special Committee against Apartheid on recent developments concerning relations between Israel and South Africa,

Gravely concerned about the reports of continued collaboration between Israel and South Africa, in particular in the military and nuclear fields,

Considering that such collaboration is a serious hindrance to international action for the eradication of apartheid, an encouragement to the racist regime of South Africa to persist in its criminal policy of apartheid and a hostile act against the oppressed people of South Africa and the entire African continent, and constitutes a threat to international peace and security,

1. Strongly condemns the continuing and increasing collaboration by Israel with the racist regime of South Africa, especially in the military and nuclear fields;

2. Demands that Israel desist from and terminate all forms of collaboration with South Africa forthwith, particularly in the military and nuclear fields, and abide scrupulously by the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council;

3. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to keep the matter under constant review and to report to the General Assembly and the Security Council as appropriate.

N

Programme of work of the Special Committee against Apartheid The General Assembly,

Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 P of 16 December 1980, Commending the Special Committee for its activities in the discharge of the mandate given to it by the General Assembly,

Noting with appreciation the work of the Centre against Apartheid of the Secretariat in assisting the Special Committee,

Recognizing the urgent need for the expansion of activity by the Special Committee and the Centre against Apartheid during 1982,

1. Reaffirms the mandate of the Special Committee against Apartheid for the promotion of the international campaign against apartheid in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and endorses the report of the Special Committee to the General Assembly at its thirty-sixth session in particular the recommendations of the Commttee on its programme of work contained in paragraphs 409 to 415 of its report;

2. Requests the Special Committee to give the highest priority in 1982 to:

(a) Mobilizing support for sanctions against South Africa;

(b) Reviewing the implementation of United Nations resolutions on apartheid, especially those for the promotion and effective

monitoring of military, nuclear and oil embargoes against South Africa;

(c) Publicizing all developments concerning military, nuclear, economic, political and other collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa;

(d) Promoting the participation of writers, artists and other cultural personalities in the international campaign against apartheid;

(e) Promoting the world campaign for the unconditional release of all persons imprisoned or restricted for their opposition to apartheid;

3. Decides to make a special allocation of $300,000 to the Special Committee for 1982 from the budget of the United Nations for the cost of special projects to be decided by the Committee to promote the international campaign against apartheid, in particular:

(a) Organization and co-sponsorship, and financial assistance, to international and national conferences and seminars against apartheid;

(b) Assistance to enable national liberation movements to participate in such conferences;

(c) Promotion of the widest observance of international days against apartheid and of international campaigns against apartheid;

(d) Expert studies on apartheid;

4. Requests Governments and organizations to make voluntary contributions or provide other assistance for the special projects of the Special Committee, especially in order to promote the effective observance of the International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa;

5. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Special Committee, to make urgent and necessary administrative arrangements for effective services to the Committee, as indicated in paragraphs 413 to 415 of its report;

6. Requests all Governments, specialized agencies and other institutions of the United Nations system and other organizations to co-operate with the Special Committee in the discharge of its responsibilities.

O

Investments in South Africa The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolution 35/206 Q of l6 December l980,

Taking note of the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

Convinced that a cessation of all new foreign investments in, and financial loans to, South Africa would constitute an important step in international action for the elimination of apartheid, as such investments and loans abet and encourage the apartheid policies in that country,

Welcoming the actions of those Governments which have taken legislative and other measures towards that end,

Noting with regret that the Security Council has not yet taken steps towards that end, as requested in General Assembly resolutions 31/6 K of 9 November l976, 32/l05 O of l6 December l977, 33/l83 O of 24 January l979, 34/93 Q of l2 December l979 and 35/206 Q of l6 December l980,

Again urges the Security Council to consider the matter at an early date with a view to taking effective steps to achieve the cessation of further foreign investments in, and financial loans to, South Africa.

P

United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa The General Assembly,

Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa, to which is annexed the report of the Committee of Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa,

Gravely concerned at the continued and increased repression against opponents of apartheid and racial discrimination in South Africa and the institution of numerous trials under arbitrary security legislation, as well as continued repression in Namibia,

Reaffirming that increased humanitarian assistance by the

international community to those persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in South Africa and Namibia is appropriate and essential,

Recognizing that increased contributions to the Trust Fund and to the voluntary agencies concerned are necessary to enable them to meet the increased needs for humanitarian and legal assistance,

1. Commends the Secretary-General and the Committee of Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa for their efforts to promote humanitarian and legal assistance to persons persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in South Africa and Namibia, as well as assistance to their families and to refugees from South Africa;

2. Expresses its appreciation to the Governments, organizations and individuals that have contributed to the Trust Fund and to the voluntary agencies engaged in rendering humanitarian and legal assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial discrimination;

3. Appeals for generous and increased contributions to the Trust Fund;

4. Further appeals for direct contributions to the voluntary agencies engaged in assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial discrimination in South Africa and Namibia.