ELECTIONS

(Lorenza Ponzone, IL PARTITO RADICALE NELLA POLITICA ITALIANA, 1962-1989, Schena editore, gennaio 1993)

GENERAL ELECTIONS

Votes RP % Seats

---------------------------------

Chamber of Deputies

1976 394.212 1,1 4

1979 1.264.870 3,5 18

1983 809.810 2,2 11

1987 988.180 2.6 13

Senate

1976 1.265.397 0,8 -

1979 779.412 1,3 2

1983 548.863 1,8 1

1987* 572.461 1,8 3

1987* 1.020.716 3,1 10

* Regions where the RP was running on its own.

* Regions where the RP was running with the PSI and PSDI (in Trentino Alto Adige with the Greens as well) the 10 seats were assigned to the other lists.

----------

1976

Chamber of Deputies

RP votes by Constituencies

Constituency RP votes %

----------------------------------

TO-NO-VC 38.846 1,71

CN-AT-AL 11.177 1,26

GE-IM-SP-SV 20.518 1,5

Ml-PV 49.481 1,58

CO-SO-VA 11.886 1,0

BS-BG 11.333 0,92

MN-CR 4.498 0,89

TN-BZ 6.949 1,23

VR-PD-VI-RO 17.707 1,05

VE-TV 11.921 1,16

BO-FE-RA-FO 18.264 1,1

PR-MO-PC-RE 10.686 0,87

FI-PT 10.118 0,96

PI-LI-LU-MS 7.439 0,78

SI-AR-GR 3.605 0,61

AN-PS-MC-AP 6.953 0,72

PG-TR-RI 3.856 0,57

ROMA-VT-LT-FR 57.734 1,82

AQ-CH-PE-TE 4.806 0,61

CB-IS 1.000 0,49

NA-CE 16.365 0,81

BN-AV-SA 4.950 0,49

BA-FG 8.778 0,72

LE-BR-TA 5.785 0,50

PZ-MT 1.541 0,43

CZ-CS-RC 5.540 0,47

CT-ME-SR-RG-EN 12.953 0,87

PA-TP-AG-CL 12.798 0,96

CA-SS-NU-OR 7.755 0,32

AOSTA 2.030 2,7

TRIESTE 6.940 3,0

ITALY 394.212 1,1

Note: radical lists were not introduced in the Constituencies of Udine, Pordenone, Gorizia, because Loris Fortuna was running as head of list of the PSI.

----------

1976

RP votes at the Chamber by region

Constituency RP votes %

---------------------------------

Val d'Aosta 2.030 2,7

Piemonte 50.023 1,6

Liguria 20.518 1,5

Lombardia 77.198 1,3

Trentino Sud T. 6.949 1,2

Veneto 29.628 1,0

Friuli

(Trieste alone) 6.940 3,1

Emilia Romagna 28.950 1,0

Toscana 21.162 0,9

Marche 6.953 0,7

Umbria 3.390 0,6

Lazio 58.200 1,8

Abruzzo 4.806 0,6

Molise 1.000 0,5

Campania 21.315 0,7

Puglia 14.563 0,7

Basilicata 1.541 0,4

Calabria 5.540 0,5

Sicilia 25.751 0,9

Sardegna 7.755 0,8

Italy 394.212 1,1

----------

RP vote by geopolitical areas

%

Industrial triangle 1,4% (1)

White zone 1,1% (2)

Red zone 0,8% (3)

Centre-South 0,9% (4)

Islands 0,9%

(1) Piemonte, Lombardia, Liguria.

(2) Veneto, Trentino, Friuli V. G.

(3) Emilia, Toscana, Umbria

(4) Marche, Abruzzo, Molise, Lazio, Campania, Basilicata, Puglia, Calabria.

----------

1976

RP vote by geographical areas

RP votes %

North 222.236 1,24

Centre 89.705 1,21

South 48.765 0,63

Islands 33.506 0,89

----------

1976

RP vote in capitals of province

Municipality Province

(including capital)

---------------------------------

Trieste 3,2% 3,1

Trento 2,6% 1,4

Roma 2,5% 2,2

Milano 2,4% 1,7

Torino 2,3% 1,9

Bolzano 2,3% 1,0

Savona 2,2% 1,6

Padova 2,1% 1,2

Cuneo 2,0% 1,4

Venezia 2,0% 1,3

Palermo 2,0% 1,3

Mantova 1,9% 0,9

Varese 1,9% 1,1

Imperia 1,9% 1,7

Pavia 1,8% 1,1

Treviso 1,8% 1,0

Vicenza 1,8% 1,0

Bologna 1,8% 1,3

Cagliari 1,8% 1,1

----------

1979

Chamber of Deputies

RP votes by Constituency

Constituency RP votes %

---------------------------------

TO-NO-VC 111.844 5,0

CN-AT-AL 29.970 3,5

GE-IM-SP-SV 63.029 4,8

MI-PV 147.541 4,8

CO-SO-VA 41.042 3,6

BS-BG 34.542 2,8

MN-CR 12.606 2,5

TN-BZ 24.317 4,2

PR-PD-VI-RO 60.760 3,5

VE-TV 41.307 4,0

UD-BL-GO-PD 30.732 3,7

BO-FE-RA-FO 49.387 2,9

PR-MO-PC-RE 29.589 2,4

FI-PT 28.388 2,7

PI-LI-LU-MS 23.945 2,5

SI-AR-GR 10.997 1,9

AN-PS-MC-AP 22.826 2,3

PG-TR-RI 13.672 2,0

ROMA-VT-LT-FR 166.674 5,2

AQ-CH-PE-TE 18.221 2,3

CB-IS 3.915 1,9

NA-CE 74.654 3,7

BN-AV-SA 18.663 1,8

BA-FG 31.410 2,5

LE-BR-TA 18.787 1,8

PZ-MT 5.959 1,7

CZ-CS-RC 21.617 1,9

CT-ME-SR-RG-EN 40.249 2,7

PA-TP-AG-CL 42.698 3,3

CA-SS-NU-OR 31.928 3,4

TRIESTE 13.602 6,2

ITALY 1.264.870 3,4

----------

1979

RP votes by region (Chamber of Deputies)

Region RP votes %

----------------------------------

Piemonte 141.814 4,60

Lombardia 235.731 4,83

Liguria 63.029 4,84

Trentino A. A. 24.317 4,24

Veneto 102.067 3,69

Friuli V. G. 44.334 4,24

Emilia Romagna 78.976 2,72

Toscana 63.330 2,46

Umbria 11.535 2,03

Marche 22.826 2,33

Lazio 168.710 5,22

Abruzzo 18.221 2,30

Molise 3.915 1,93

Campania 93.317 3,03

Basilicata 5.959 1,65

Puglia 50.197 2,21

Calabria 21.617 1,94

Sicilia 82.947 2,98

Sardegna 31.928 3,46

Italy 1.264.870 3,5

----------

Distribution of RP vote by Geopolitical areas

1979 (Chamber of Deputies)

Area Tot. RP votes %

-------------------------------------------

Industrial triangle 440.574 4,7

White area 170.718 3,9

Red area 253.341 2,5

Centre-South 384.862 3,19 (2,45)*

Islands 114.375 3,1

Italy 1.264.870 3,5

* excluding Latium

----------

1979

Distribution of RP vote by geographical areas

North 690.268 4,2

Centre 266.501 3,6

South 193.226 2,5

Islands 114.875 3,1

----------

Rp votes in capitals of province

Chamber of Deputies

Province

Capital of province (including capital)

--------------------------------------

Trento 8,1 4,8

Bolzano 8,0 3,6

Cagliari 7,6 4,3

Roma 7,5 6,2

Milano 6,9 5,0

Torino 6,7 5,6

Udine 6,7 3,6

Venezia 6,6 4,5

Palermo 6,6 4,4

Padova 6,5 3,8

Gorizia 6,5 4,6

Sassari 6,4 3,4

Treviso 6,2 3,4

Varese 6,1 3,9

Cuneo 6,1 3,6

Verona 6,1 3,7

Vicenza 6,3 3,4

Napoli 6,3 4,2

Genova 6,3 5,5

Bari 5,8 3,2

Imperia 5,7 4,7

Bergamo 5,5 3,2

----------

Senate 1979

%

---------------------------------

Piemonte 79.675 3,0

Lombardia 154.232 2,9

Liguria 44.663 3,9

Trentino S. T. 15.898 3,3

Veneto 53.637 2,2

Friuli V. G. 23.606 3,1

Emilia Romagna 44.150 1,7

Toscana 38.150 1,7

Umbria 6.753 1,4

Marche 13.983 1,7

Lazio 124.317 4,5

Abruzzo 11.177 1,6

Molise 2.421 1,4

Campania 52.679 2,1

Basilicata 3.902 1,3

Puglia 26.980 1,4

Calabria 12.434 1,4

Sicilia 54.327 2,3

Sardegna 16.428 2,2

Italy 779.412 2,2

Note: The RP introduced its own candidates in Lombardia, Trentino S. T., Friuli V. G., Liguria, Umbria, Marche, Lazio, Abruzzo, Molise, Sardegna. It introduced lists with Nuova Sinistra Unita in Piemonte, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Toscana, Campania, Puglia, Basilicata, Calabria, Sicilia.

----------

European elections 1979

Constituencies RP votes %

--------------------------------------

North-western Italy 410.716 4,1

North-eastern Italy 252.645 3,5

Central Italy 263.204 3,7

Southern Italy 208.072 2,8

Islands 150.428 4,3

Total 1.285.065 3,7

----------

1983

Chamber of deputies

RP votes by Constituency

Constituency RP votes %

---------------------------------

TO-NO-VC 78.849 3,7

CN-AT-AL 23.218 2,8

GE-IM-SP-SV 38.194 3,1

MI-PV 98.024 3,2

CO-SO-VA 28.882 2,5

BS-BG 28.637 2,3

MN-CR 9.945 2,0

TN-BZ 13.856 2,4

VR-PD-VI-RO 43.101 2,5

VE-TV 26.516 2,5

UD-BL-GO-PD 19.349 2,4

BO-FE-RA-FO 31.976 1,9

PR-MO-PC-RE 20.602 1,7

FI-PT 21.051 2,0

PI-LI-LU-MS 16.201 1,7

SI-AR-GR 7.645 1,3

AN-PS-MC-AP 15.538 1,6

PG-TR-RI 9.110 1,3

ROMA-VT-LT-FR 114.922 3,6

AQ-CH-PE-TE 12.115 1,5

CB-IS 2.359 1,1

NA-CE 40.076 1,9

BN-AV-SA 10.543 1,0

BA-FG 16.202 1,3

LE-BR-TA 10.488 1,0

PZ-MT 3.315 0,9

CZ-CS-RC 9.895 0,9

CT-ME-SR-RG-EN 17.832 1,2

PA-TP-AG-CL 19.169 1,4

CA-SS-NU-OR 15.121 1,6

TRIESTE 7.081 3,5

ITALY 809.810 2,2

----------

1983

RP vote by Region

(Chamber of Deputies)

Region RP vote %

---------------------------------

Piemonte 102.067 3,4

Lombardia 165.486 2,8

Liguria 38.194 3,1

Trentino S. T. 13.856 2,4

Veneto 69.617 2,5

Friuli V. G. 26.430 2,7

Emilia Romagna 52.578 1,8

Toscana 44.897 1,8

Umbria 7.761 1,3

Marche 15.538 1,6

Lazio 116.271 3,5

Abruzzo 12.115 1,5

Molise 2.359 1,1

Campania 50.619 1,6

Basilicata 3.315 0,9

Puglia 26.690 1,1

Calabria 9.895 0,9

Sicilia 37.001 1,3

Sardegna 15.121 1,6

Italy 809.810 2,2

----------

1983

Distribution of RP vote by geographic areas

Areas RP votes %

---------------------------------

North 468.560 2,7

Centre 183.998 2,5

South 105.111 1,3

Islands 52.141 1,4

Italy 809.810 2,2

----------

1983

RP vote in capitals of province (Chamber of Deputies)

%

------------------------

Torino 6,69

Milano 6,89

Venezia 6,60

Verona 6,09

Bologna 4,76

Firenze 4,45

Roma 7,05

Napoli 6,00

Bari 5,83

Palermo 6,64

Catania 4,72

Cagliari 7,60

----------

Senate 1983

%

---------------------------------

Piemonte 70.898 2,8

Lombardia 104.717 2,0

Liguria 27.281 2,5

Trentino S. T. 9.266 2,0

Veneto 45.042 1,8

Friuli V. G. 13.177 1,8

Emilia Romagna 32.868 1,3

Toscana 30.147 1,4

Umbria 4.908 1,0

Marche 9.718 1,1

Lazio 75.880 2,7

Abruzzo 9.364 1,4

Molise 3.638 2,1

Campania 41.150 1,6

Basilicata 2.510 0,8

Puglia 20.352 1,1

Calabria 8.998 1,0

Sicilia 27.473 1,2

Sardegna 11.506 1,5

Italy 548.863 1,8

----------

1984

EUROPEAN ELECTIONS

Constituency RP votes %

-------------------------------------------

North-western Italy 397.177 4,0

North-eastern Italy 201.929 2,8

Central Italy 213.499 3,0

Southern Italy 209.979 2,9

Islands 171.737 4,9

Total 1.193.141 3,4

----------

1987

Chamber of deputies RP votes by Constituency

Constituency RP votes %

---------------------------------

TO-NO-VC 99.070 4,5

CN-AT-AL 26.887 3,1

GE-IM-SP-SV 40.930 3,2

MI-PV 104.853 3,3

CO-SO-VA 32.762 2,7

BS-BG 31.229 2,3

MN-CR 11.253 2,2

TN-BZ 12.511 2,1

VR-PD-VI-RO 52.308 2,8

VE-TV 34.043 3,0

UD-BL-GO-PD 25.106 3,0

BO-FE-RA-FO 36.731 2,1

PR-MO-PC-RE 24.431 1,9

FI-PT 25.106 2,3

PI-LI-LU-MS 19.290 2,0

SI-AR-GR 9.129 1,5

AN-PS-MC-AP 18.603 1,8

PG-TR-RI 10.534 1,5

ROMA-VT-LT-FR 116.722 3,4

AQ-CH-PE-TE 18.603 2,1

CB-IS 2.660 2,2

BN-AV-SA 13.874 1,2

BA-FG 26.910 2,0

LE-BR-TA 17.409 1,5

PZ-MT 3.701 0,9

CZ-CS-RC 14.772 1,2

CT-ME-SR-RG-EN 29.721 1,9

PA-TP-AG-CL 39.263 2,8

CA-SS-NU-OR 27.091 2,6

TRIESTE 11.143 5,5

ITALY 988.180 2,6

----------

1987

RP vote by Region (Chamber of Deputies)

%

---------------------------------

Piemonte 126.030 3,8

Lombardia 180.206 2,6

Liguria 40.930 3,2

Trentino S. T. 12.510 2,1

Veneto 86.607 2,5

Friuli V. G. 36.266 4,4

Emilia Romagna 61.122 2,0

Toscana 53.493 1,9

Umbria 9.234 1,5

Marche 18.298 1,8

Lazio 118.287 2,1

Abruzzo 18.248 2,1

Molise 2.660 1,2

Campania 65.640 1,7

Basilicata 3.701 0,9

Puglia 44.283 1,7

Calabria 14.757 1,2

Sicilia 68.884 3,1

Sardegna 27.024 2,6

Italy 988.180 2,6

----------

1987

Distribution of RP vote by geographic areas

Areas RP votes %

---------------------------------

North 543.685 3.0

Centre 199.325 2,6

South 149.289 1,7

Islands 95.908 2,4

Italy 988.180 2,6

----------

1987

Vote major municipalities (Chamber of Deputies)

%

---------------------------------

Cagliari 8.891 6,0

Torino 42.258 5,8

Palermo 22.394 5,8

Trieste 10.207 5,7

Roma 86.222 5,7

Venezia 10.476 4,3

Milano 43.979 4,1

Bari 8.846 3,8

Genova 19.322 3,7

Napoli 23.980 3,5

Firenze 11.122 3,5

Bologna 11.208 3,3

Ancona 2.077 2,7

Bolzano 1.851 2,4

----------

1987

RP vote Senate

%

----------------------------------

Valle d'Aosta -

Trentino S. T. ** 58.501 11,7

Piemonte 98.477 3,7

Toscana * 292.291 12,9

Friuli V. G. -

Veneto 69.956 2,4

Lombardia 133.037 2,5

Emilia Romagna * 344.006 13,2

Liguria * 158.180 14,5

Marche 13.242 1,5

Lazio 94.377 3,5

Umbria 6.198 1,2

Abruzzo 13.260 1,9

Molise -

Campania 50.878 1,9

Basilicata 2.366 0,8

Puglia 33.892 1,7

Calabria * 166.846 17,2

Sicilia 64.099 2,7

Sardegna * 84.872 10,1

* In these regions the RP was running with the PSI and the PSDI.

** In Trentino the RP was running with PSI, PSDI and Greens.

----------

Referendums (1974-1987)

Yes No Voters Invalid Blank

votes ballots

-----------------------------------------------------------

1974 Divorce 40,7 59,3 87,7 2,2 1,3

1978 Legge Reale 23,5 76,5 81,2 6,7 3,2

Public Financing 43,6 56,4 80,4 6,2 3,3

Public order 14,9 85,1 79,4 9,0 6,5

Life imprisonment 22,6 77,4 79,4 8,3 5,8

1981 Firearm license 14,1 85,9 79,4 8,3 5,9

Abortion (RP) 11,6 88,4 79,4 9,6 6,9

Abortion (Mov.Vita) 32,0 68,0 79,4 7,7 5,1

1985 Escalator 45,7 54,3 78,0 3,2 1,4

Civil resp. judges 80,1 19,9 65,2 13,8 8,8

Comm. Inquiry 85,1 14,9 65,2 12,9 8,5

1987 Nuclear energy (loc.

centrals) 80,6 19,4 65,2 12,8 8,5

Nuclear (Munic. and

Regions) 79,7 20,3 65,2 13,4 8,9

Nuclear (Enel) 71,8 28,2 65,2 12,4 8,0

----------

REPRESENTATIVES ELECTED ON THE RP'S LISTS

(1976-1992)

Notice

A list of representatives elected on the lists of the radical party is presented, by legislatures. According to the party's statute, the radical parliamentarians must resign half way through the legislature, thus allowing the first of the non-elected representatives to take over. This circumstance further complicates a reconstruction of the actual members of the radical groups, also because this rotation was not always respected and because some MPs left the radical group to join other ones.

We have preferred to give an overall survey for each legislature of the elected representatives and of the actual successors, without taking into account those who left the radical group (called "European federalist group" as of 1987) and those who renounced the rotation. The sources are the official ones of Chamber and Senate.

----------

7th Legislature (1976-1979)

Deputies

Elected Date of Successor Date of

Resignation Proclamation

----------------------------------------------------------------

Bonino Emma 20.12.78 De Cataldo Francesco 21.12.78

Faccio Adele 13.12.78 Galli M. Luisa 15.12.78

Mellini Mauro

Pannella Marco * 17.1.79 Cicciomessere Roberto 21.12.79

(*) Pannella was to be replaced by M.A.Aglietta (proclaimed on 23.01.79), but since the latter was secretary of the party she resigned immediately (resignation accepted on 31.01.79); Aglietta was to be replaced by Angelo Pezzana (proclaimed 06.02.79) but the latter renounced (resignation accepted 14.02.79).

----------

8th Legislature (1979-1983)

Deputies

Elected Date of Successor Date of

Resignation Proclamation

--------------------------------------------------------------------

Ajello Aldo

Aglietta Adelaide

Boato Marco

Bonino Emma

Cicciomessere Roberto

Crivellini Marcello (*) 12.5.82 Calderisi Giuseppe 13.5.82

De Cataldo Francesco

Faccio Adele

Galli M. Luisa

Macciocchi M. Antonietta 16.1.80 Baldelli Pio 17.1.80

Melega Gianluigi 12.5.82 Corleone Franco 12.5.82

Pannella Marco 18.1.80 Rippa Giuseppe 20.11.80

Pinto Domenico

Roccella Franco

Sciascia Leonardo

Teodori Massimo

Tessari Alessandro

(*) Crivellini was to be replaced by Luca Boneschi (proclaimed 12.05.82) who renounced and resigned on 13.05.82

----------

Senators (8th Legislature)

Elected

Spadaccia Gianfranco

Stanzani Sergio

----------

9th Legislature (1983-1987)

Deputies

Elected Date of Successor Date of

Resignation Proclamation

--------------------------------------------------------------------

Aglietta M. Adelaide 30.9.86 Tessari Alessandro 2.10.86

Bonino Emma 10.8.83 Cicciomessere Roberto 10.08.83

(resigned 13.11.84)

Calderisi Giuseppe 11.11.84

(resigned 19.2.87)

Di Lascia M. Teresa 19.2.87

Crivellini Marcello

Melega Gianluigi 12.6.86 Corleone Francesco 13.6.86

Mellini Mauro (*) 20.9.84 Stanzani Sergio 20.9.84

Negri Giovanni 5.7.84 Roccella Franco 11.7.84

Negri Antonio

Pannella Marco 3.12.86 Bonino Emma 5.12.86

Rutelli Francesco

Spadaccia Gianfranco 30.9.86 Bandinelli Angiolo 2.10.86

Teodori Massimo

(*) Mellini was to be replaced by René Andreani who renounced (resigned on 20.9.84).

----------

Senators (9th Legislature)

Elected

Signorino Mario

----------

10th Legislature (1987-1992)

Deputies

European Federalist Group

Elected Date of Successor Date of

Resignation Proclamation

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Bonino Emma 2.7.87 Mellini Mauro 2.7.87

Bertuzzi Alberto died Calderisi Giuseppe 17.2.88

D'Amato Luigi

Faccio Adele Viviani Ambrogio

Modugno Domenico 4.1990 Cicciomessere Roberto 4.1990

Negri Giovanni 9.7.87 Aglietta Adelaide 9.7.87

(resigned)

Azzolina Gaetano

Pannella Marco Negri Giovanni

Rutelli Francesco Bonino Emma

Staller Ilona

Stanzani Sergio

Teodori Massimo 3.1991 Andreani René 3.1991

Vesce Emilio Tessari Alessandro

Zevi Bruno

----------

Senators (10th Legislature)

Environmentalist European Federalist Group

Elected Date of Successor Date of

Resignation Proclamation

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Boato Marco (*)

Craveri Pietro 9.7.87 Corleone Francesco 9.7.87

(resigned 3.91)

Teodori Massimo 3.1991

Mariotti Gianfranco (*)

Petronio Giuseppe L. (*)

Spadaccia Gianfranco 10.4.90 Modugno Domenico 19.4.91

Strik-Lievers Lorenzo

(*) Members of the European Federalist Group, but elected on mixed lists, respectively: Boato in Trento (list P.S.I.-P.S.D.I.-Greens-P.R.) Mariotti in La Spezia (P.S.I.-P.S.D.I.-P.R.) Petronio in Lamezia Terme (P.S.I.-P.S.D.I.-P.R.).